Friday, September 30, 2011

The Tekahu, and Other Flightless Birds




New Zealand was once part of Gondwana, a super-continent that included Antarctica, South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Madagascar - and it wasn't as cold as Antarctica is now.  New Zealand began separating from Gondwana about 90 million years ago, and it was completely submerged as it moved away, thus, killing-off all forms of mammal life.  When the islands re-surfaced, they were still within the flying range of a few birds, which happily began to call the predator-free environment home.

The land mass remained isolated for some 20 million years, and with no natural predators, the now-native birds that had colonized the islands literally forgot how to fly.  After early British settlers arrived, they brought in rabbits for food, and then brought in weasels to control the run-away rabbit population.  Well, it was easier for the weasels to feast on the eggs that hapless birds left on the ground than to catch a rabbit, and they quickly devastated the native bird populations.  The bird above is called a Tekahu.  It's about the size of a basketball, and it's one of only a couple hundred that remain on this Earth.

The smaller bird below is a Kiwi, the national bird of New Zealand.  The big monster bird at the bottom is an artist's model of  a pre-historic Moa, which laid an egg about the size of a rugby ball.  An ancient Maori tribe could eat pretty well on one of these, but I'd hate to run into one unexpectedly.  Yikes!



Thursday, September 29, 2011

The Kepler Track - One of the Great Walks

The Kiwi's love nature and the outdoors, and there are nine "Geat Walks" throughout the country.  These are 30 to 40-mile long nature trails that wind through some of the most beautiful, and unspoiled scenery in the world.  The Milford Track, the Routeburn Track, and the Kepler Track are considered three of the best, and are all reasonably close to Queenstown.  A lot of the scenes from the Lord of the Rings movies were filmed here, and some of it looks almost unreal.

I really want to do one of these, but my challenge is that it's a little early in the season, and the routes aren't officially open yet (though they are never formally closed).  There was a lot of late-season snow, and the avalanche risk-level is "extreme".  The Department of Conservation, or "DOC", manages the camping "huts" along the tracks, and advises against going out on the tracks at this time.  Besides that, however, there are no transportation services to the Milford or Routeburn trail-heads.  For example, if you wanted to do the Milford Track, you start with a half-hour bus ride from Te Anau to a boat dock on lake, then take an hour-long boat ride across the lake to the start of the trail.  The 33-mile trail ends in a wilderness area at the mouth of the Milford Sound, but you have to make private arrangements for a boat to pick you up there in advance - something like "meet me on the sand bar by the big rock on the left side of the mouth next Tuesday".  And then, you have to arrange for a ride back to Te Anau.  Well, with the avalanche warnings still in effect, none of these services are even operating.

The Kepler Track, however, is a 37-mile mountain loop that begins and ends at a trail-head right outside Te Anau.  It's designed as a 4 day hike through several mountain peaks, with overnight camping huts located at the end of each day's hike.   In the mountains, no camping is allowed outside of the huts, and you have to register a hiking plan with the DOC and buy a camping pass for each night in a hut.  The middle part of the track is impassable now due to snow, but, they say you can get to the first hut just below Mt. Luxmore.

It's 8.6 miles to the Luxmore hut, and the elevation is at 3,600 feet.  They say that it usually takes a fit hiker about 6 hours to cover the distance at a reasonable pace, but they also said that there was some "winter damage" on the trail near the tree-line, so it might take a bit longer.  Since this is my only option, I'm going to do an over-nighter.  Up to the Luxmore hut on day one, spend the night, and come back down on day two.  Since the trails aren't officially open, the hut is un-manned, and there is no water, electricity, or gas.  I have to pack-in and pack-out everything I'm going to need, and when I filed my plan with the DOC, there were only two other guys scheduled to be there for the night.   
     

The trail starts at lake-level, and for the first two hours, it's pretty easy going as you walk along the Fiordland National Park side of the lake.


Just past this beach, the trail goes into the forest, and up.  And up.  And up.


For the next six hours, every single step is up-hill.  Swithch-back after swithch-back, and the forest is so think that you can't see much more than tree trunks and the green canopy of leaves.  Then, I came upon this small opening.  The picture above is looking down on Te Anau.


Winter trail damage.  There are some improvements to the trails in the areas that are particularly dangerous, or see a lot of erosion.  The walkway is installed here because you're walking along a 45 degree slope - it's really, really steep.  Even though there are a lot of trees, if you lose you footing and fall, you could tumble down-hill for hundreds of yards.  It's not unusual here to have "tree-slides" along the cliffs where whole sections trees and vegetation come sliding down face of the mountain when the sheer gravity of their weight overcomes the ability of their root systems to hold on to the rock or land.  This one might not look so bad, but think about climbing over this muddy path by yourself with a 40 lb backpack, and knowing that it might be hours or days before someone else comes along to help you if you fall.


About 6 hours into the hike, I finally cleared the tree-line, and can see the top of Mt. Luxmore (4,600 ft).  You cannot imagine the scale. When I looked up, I thought "holy crap, it's going to take another 5 hours to get to the top of that".


Fortunately, the Luxmore hut was only another hour's hike away.  But, the trail was occasionally covered in waist-deep snow.


The huts are simple shelters.  A couple of dorm rooms with bunks and mattresses, chemical toilets, and a main room with a wood-burning stove for heat and 5 or 6 separate cooking stations that each have a sink and a stove with a couple of gas burners.  No showers, and since it's still early, the electricity, water, and gas haven't been turned on yet.

There were two French guys here when I arrived, and later on, a German couple showed up.  I had a bottle of wine with me, and the Frenchmen had some hard liquor.  We all cooked whatever we brought for dinner on our little camping stoves and had a great conversation.  It was pretty easy to get to sleep after nightfall.


From the Luxmore hut, (above) this is where the South Fiord meets the main body of Lake Te Anau.  The Milford Sound is on the other side of the mountain range on the horizon.

The original Maori name for New Zealand is Aotearoa.  It means long white cloud.  After canoeing for hundreds of miles to get close to their destination, they looked for the long white clouds that you see on the horizon.  They didn't know that they were looking at snow-capped mountains. 


I hiked up above the hut (middle right), but this is about as far as I could go.  From here on, it's all snow.  Pretty stunning view, though, and well worth the effort.  I came back out later in the night to look at the stars, which were amazing.  

Wednesday, September 28, 2011

The Milford Sound


The next morning was gorgeous.


The Milford Sound is actually a fijord.  It's just over 10 miles long, and surrounded by sheer cliffs up to 5,000 feet tall.  While it opens to the Tasman Sea, that wasn't always the case.  It was actually a freshwater lake, and the western edge eroded into the sea.  The water that fills the sound has two layers - heavier freshwater on the bottom, and a lighter saltwater layer on the top.


I went on a small power-boat excursion this morning.  Our main vessel doesn't look very big compared to the sheer wall behind it, but the little yellow dots around it are people in kayak's.  The ship has sails, but the Captain said that they are really just for show.  






The mountains along the road to the Milford Sound are stunning.


Back in Te Anau, this is the view from my holiday park.


Tuesday, September 27, 2011

TeAnnu to the Milford Sound

The bus to the Milford Sound takes several hours, but the scenery is amazing.


The weather on the western side of the mountains is always unpredictable.  But it's a stunning place, even in the rain.


I'm doing an overnight boat tour on the sound, which lets you go out further and stay longer than the typical day-trip.  The boat holds about 60 people, so it's pretty big.  It was rainy and cold the first afternoon, but we had a big dinner, there's a bar, and they had a nice slide-show and movie about the area that night.



Monday, September 26, 2011

Te Anau

Te Anau is a small town of about 2,000 people, and is known as the gateway to the Milford Sound.  It's probably less than 100 miles from Queenstown as the crow files, but it takes about 4 hours to get there by bus.

This marks my first stop at a "holiday park", which is like a KOA campground on steroids.  They are very popular, and this place has 3 kinds of accommodation - tent sites, camper van sites that are powered, and these little single rooms.  I think I paid $30 for a night in this little box.


The holiday parks have shared bathrooms and showers, kitchens, common rooms with computers and tv's, and laundry rooms.  The cool part is that they are all very, very nice and incredibly clean.




This is Lake Te Anau.  It's cold and rainy today.  Heading to the Milford Sound tomorrow, so I hope that it gets better.

Sunday, September 25, 2011

Queenstown

These mountains are called The Remarkables.  It's easy to see why.


The monument below was dedicated in 1913 to a team of British explorers that died in Antarctica the year before while trying to be the first team to reach the South Pole.  Launched from Queenstown, Robert Scott's team hiked some 800 miles across Antarctica to the Pole, only to find that a Norwegian guy named Amundsen had beaten them by about 5 weeks.  They all died in a snowstorm on the way back.  An injured team-member was holding back the team's progress, but they refused to leave him to die on his own.  In order to help save the team, in the face of a blizzard he told the other men "I'm just going outside, and may be some time".  He never came back, and the others all died a few days later.  


Saturday, September 24, 2011

Queenstown

Queenstown is kind of like the Aspen of New Zealand - a small, isolated resort town that is really expensive.  It's about the same latitude in the southern hemisphere as Minnesota is here in the north.  September is supposed to be springtime, but we got about a foot of snow last night.



I took the Skyline gondola up to the top of Queenstown Hill.  The views, of course, are absolutely stunning.  The city sits on Lake Wakatipu, which covers an area of 112 square miles, and is the 3rd largest lake in the country.  It's 1,200 to 1,400 feet deep, and has an interesting feature in that it raises and falls by about 8 inches every 30 minutes.  The locals say that it has a heartbeat.


Also on top of Queenstown Hill is the Ben Lomond Reserve - a huge wilderness area full of hiking trails. I took a trail for a couple of miles, but it ultimately became impassable because of snow and ice, and the steep slope.  I saw only one other group of 4 people over the several hours that I was up here, and now I know why people die in the wilderness.  Without proper equipment, like crampons in these conditions, someone falls and gets hurts, but doesn't found for a week.





Friday, September 23, 2011

Arrival in Queenstown

After a 17-hour flight from LAX to Auckland, I cleared customs, then caught another 2-hour flight to the South Island and Queenstown.  The pilots warned us that the airport has a pretty crazy approach.  The city is surrounded by mountains, so for the last half hour, we were flying through pretty narrow canyons and generally had to look up to see the mountain tops. 



This cool, old church was across the street from my hotel.  Queenstown is know as the center for outdoor adventure activities in New Zealand - bungee jumping and jet-boating were both invented here.  It has a summertime population of less than 30 k, but it doubles in the winter for snow skiing.


Looking towards dowtown, you can see the path that the Skyline gondola takes up to the Ben Lomond Nature Reserve.